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Gastroesophageal reflux may occur when specific dietary triggers cause gastric acid to ascend into the oesophagus, resulting in symptoms such as heartburn or an acidic/bitter taste in the oropharynx. In addition to recognising individual reflux-inducing agents, symptoms can be managed promptly and effectively with clinically proven therapeutic interventions.
A hiatal hernia is a common underlying factor in gastroesophageal reflux, occurring when the upper portion of the stomach herniates through the diaphragmatic hiatus into the thoracic cavity. The diaphragm is critical in maintaining the integrity of the lower esophageal sphincter and preventing gastric acid from refluxing into the oesophagus.
In addition, certain dietary components—such as alcohol, chocolate, caffeine, and acidic foods like tomatoes—can exacerbate reflux by lowering lower esophageal sphincter pressure or increasing gastric acid production.
If left unmanaged, chronic acid reflux can lead to complications such as Barrett’s oesophagus, a condition involving precancerous cellular changes in the oesophageal lining that may progress to oesophageal adenocarcinoma. It is therefore critical that symptoms are not overlooked, as early intervention can significantly reduce the risk of serious outcomes.
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